8 # To see a list of typical targets execute "make help"
9 # More info can be located in ./README
10 # Comments in this file are targeted only to the developer, do not
11 # expect to learn how to build the kernel reading this file.
13 # Do not print "Entering directory ..."
14 MAKEFLAGS += --no-print-directory
16 # We are using a recursive build, so we need to do a little thinking
17 # to get the ordering right.
19 # Most importantly: sub-Makefiles should only ever modify files in
20 # their own directory. If in some directory we have a dependency on
21 # a file in another dir (which doesn't happen often, but it's of
22 # unavoidable when linking the built-in.o targets which finally
23 # turn into vmlinux), we will call a sub make in that other dir, and
24 # after that we are sure that everything which is in that other dir
27 # The only cases where we need to modify files which have global
28 # effects are thus separated out and done before the recursive
29 # descending is started. They are now explicitly listed as the
32 # To put more focus on warnings, be less verbose as default
33 # Use 'make V=1' to see the full commands
36 ifeq ("$(origin V)", "command line")
44 # Call sparse as part of compilation of C files
45 # Use 'make C=1' to enable sparse checking
48 ifeq ("$(origin C)", "command line")
49 KBUILD_CHECKSRC = $(C)
52 ifndef KBUILD_CHECKSRC
56 # Use make M=dir to specify directory of external module to build
57 # Old syntax make ... SUBDIRS=$PWD is still supported
58 # Setting the environment variable KBUILD_EXTMOD take precedence
60 KBUILD_EXTMOD ?= $(SUBDIRS)
63 ifeq ("$(origin M)", "command line")
69 # kbuild supports saving output files in a separate directory.
70 # To locate output files in a separate directory two syntax'es are supported.
71 # In both cases the working directory must be the root of the kernel src.
73 # Use "make O=dir/to/store/output/files/"
75 # 2) Set KBUILD_OUTPUT
76 # Set the environment variable KBUILD_OUTPUT to point to the directory
77 # where the output files shall be placed.
78 # export KBUILD_OUTPUT=dir/to/store/output/files/
81 # The O= assigment takes precedence over the KBUILD_OUTPUT environment variable.
84 # KBUILD_SRC is set on invocation of make in OBJ directory
85 # KBUILD_SRC is not intended to be used by the regular user (for now)
88 # OK, Make called in directory where kernel src resides
89 # Do we want to locate output files in a separate directory?
91 ifeq ("$(origin O)", "command line")
96 # That's our default target when none is given on the command line
100 ifneq ($(KBUILD_OUTPUT),)
101 # Invoke a second make in the output directory, passing relevant variables
102 # check that the output directory actually exists
103 saved-output := $(KBUILD_OUTPUT)
104 KBUILD_OUTPUT := $(shell cd $(KBUILD_OUTPUT) && /bin/pwd)
105 $(if $(KBUILD_OUTPUT),, \
106 $(error output directory "$(saved-output)" does not exist))
108 .PHONY: $(MAKECMDGOALS)
110 $(filter-out _all,$(MAKECMDGOALS)) _all:
111 $(if $(KBUILD_VERBOSE:1=),@)$(MAKE) -C $(KBUILD_OUTPUT) \
112 KBUILD_SRC=$(CURDIR) KBUILD_VERBOSE=$(KBUILD_VERBOSE) \
113 KBUILD_CHECK=$(KBUILD_CHECK) KBUILD_EXTMOD="$(KBUILD_EXTMOD)" \
114 -f $(CURDIR)/Makefile $@
116 # Leave processing to above invocation of make
118 endif # ifneq ($(KBUILD_OUTPUT),)
119 endif # ifeq ($(KBUILD_SRC),)
121 # We process the rest of the Makefile if this is the final invocation of make
122 ifeq ($(skip-makefile),)
124 # If building an external module we do not care about the all: rule
125 # but instead _all depend on modules
127 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
133 srctree := $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),$(KBUILD_SRC),$(CURDIR))
135 # FIXME - TOPDIR is obsolete, use srctree/objtree
142 export srctree objtree VPATH TOPDIR
145 space := $(nullstring) # end of line
147 # Take the contents of any files called localversion* and the config
148 # variable CONFIG_LOCALVERSION and append them to KERNELRELEASE. Be
149 # careful not to include files twice if building in the source
150 # directory. LOCALVERSION from the command line override all of this
152 localver := $(objtree)/localversion* $(srctree)/localversion*
153 localver := $(sort $(wildcard $(localver)))
154 # skip backup files (containing '~')
155 localver := $(foreach f, $(localver), $(if $(findstring ~, $(f)),,$(f)))
157 LOCALVERSION = $(subst $(space),, \
158 $(shell cat /dev/null $(localver)) \
159 $(patsubst "%",%,$(CONFIG_LOCALVERSION)))
161 KERNELRELEASE=$(VERSION).$(PATCHLEVEL).$(SUBLEVEL)$(EXTRAVERSION)$(LOCALVERSION)
163 # SUBARCH tells the usermode build what the underlying arch is. That is set
164 # first, and if a usermode build is happening, the "ARCH=um" on the command
165 # line overrides the setting of ARCH below. If a native build is happening,
166 # then ARCH is assigned, getting whatever value it gets normally, and
167 # SUBARCH is subsequently ignored.
169 SUBARCH := $(shell uname -m | sed -e s/i.86/i386/ -e s/sun4u/sparc64/ \
170 -e s/arm.*/arm/ -e s/sa110/arm/ \
171 -e s/s390x/s390/ -e s/parisc64/parisc/ )
173 # Cross compiling and selecting different set of gcc/bin-utils
174 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
176 # When performing cross compilation for other architectures ARCH shall be set
177 # to the target architecture. (See arch/* for the possibilities).
178 # ARCH can be set during invocation of make:
180 # Another way is to have ARCH set in the environment.
181 # The default ARCH is the host where make is executed.
183 # CROSS_COMPILE specify the prefix used for all executables used
184 # during compilation. Only gcc and related bin-utils executables
185 # are prefixed with $(CROSS_COMPILE).
186 # CROSS_COMPILE can be set on the command line
187 # make CROSS_COMPILE=ia64-linux-
188 # Alternatively CROSS_COMPILE can be set in the environment.
189 # Default value for CROSS_COMPILE is not to prefix executables
190 # Note: Some architectures assign CROSS_COMPILE in their arch/*/Makefile
195 # Architecture as present in compile.h
196 UTS_MACHINE := $(ARCH)
198 # SHELL used by kbuild
199 CONFIG_SHELL := $(shell if [ -x "$$BASH" ]; then echo $$BASH; \
200 else if [ -x /bin/bash ]; then echo /bin/bash; \
201 else echo sh; fi ; fi)
205 HOSTCFLAGS = -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer
208 # Decide whether to build built-in, modular, or both.
209 # Normally, just do built-in.
214 # If we have only "make modules", don't compile built-in objects.
215 # When we're building modules with modversions, we need to consider
216 # the built-in objects during the descend as well, in order to
217 # make sure the checksums are uptodate before we record them.
219 ifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),modules)
220 KBUILD_BUILTIN := $(if $(CONFIG_MODVERSIONS),1)
223 # If we have "make <whatever> modules", compile modules
224 # in addition to whatever we do anyway.
225 # Just "make" or "make all" shall build modules as well
227 ifneq ($(filter all _all modules,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
231 ifeq ($(MAKECMDGOALS),)
235 export KBUILD_MODULES KBUILD_BUILTIN KBUILD_VERBOSE
236 export KBUILD_CHECKSRC KBUILD_SRC KBUILD_EXTMOD
239 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
241 # Normally, we echo the whole command before executing it. By making
242 # that echo $($(quiet)$(cmd)), we now have the possibility to set
243 # $(quiet) to choose other forms of output instead, e.g.
245 # quiet_cmd_cc_o_c = Compiling $(RELDIR)/$@
246 # cmd_cc_o_c = $(CC) $(c_flags) -c -o $@ $<
248 # If $(quiet) is empty, the whole command will be printed.
249 # If it is set to "quiet_", only the short version will be printed.
250 # If it is set to "silent_", nothing wil be printed at all, since
251 # the variable $(silent_cmd_cc_o_c) doesn't exist.
253 # A simple variant is to prefix commands with $(Q) - that's usefull
254 # for commands that shall be hidden in non-verbose mode.
258 # If KBUILD_VERBOSE equals 0 then the above command will be hidden.
259 # If KBUILD_VERBOSE equals 1 then the above command is displayed.
261 ifeq ($(KBUILD_VERBOSE),1)
269 # If the user is running make -s (silent mode), suppress echoing of
272 ifneq ($(findstring s,$(MAKEFLAGS)),)
276 export quiet Q KBUILD_VERBOSE
279 # cc support functions to be used (only) in arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
280 # See documentation in Documentation/kbuild/makefiles.txt
283 # Usage: cflags-y += $(call gcc-option, -march=winchip-c6, -march=i586)
285 cc-option = $(shell if $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(1) -S -o /dev/null -xc /dev/null \
286 > /dev/null 2>&1; then echo "$(1)"; else echo "$(2)"; fi ;)
288 # For backward compatibility
289 check_gcc = $(warning check_gcc is deprecated - use cc-option) \
290 $(call cc-option, $(1),$(2))
293 # Usage: flag := $(call cc-option-yn, -march=winchip-c6)
294 cc-option-yn = $(shell if $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(1) -S -o /dev/null -xc /dev/null \
295 > /dev/null 2>&1; then echo "y"; else echo "n"; fi;)
298 # Prefix align with either -falign or -malign
299 cc-option-align = $(subst -functions=0,,\
300 $(call cc-option,-falign-functions=0,-malign-functions=0))
303 # Usage gcc-ver := $(call cc-version $(CC))
304 cc-version = $(shell $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/gcc-version.sh \
305 $(if $(1), $(1), $(CC)))
308 # Look for make include files relative to root of kernel src
309 MAKEFLAGS += --include-dir=$(srctree)
311 # For maximum performance (+ possibly random breakage, uncomment
316 # Make variables (CC, etc...)
318 AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as
319 LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
320 CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
322 AR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar
323 NM = $(CROSS_COMPILE)nm
324 STRIP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip
325 OBJCOPY = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy
326 OBJDUMP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump
328 GENKSYMS = scripts/genksyms/genksyms
329 DEPMOD = /sbin/depmod
330 KALLSYMS = scripts/kallsyms
334 NOSTDINC_FLAGS = -nostdinc -isystem $(shell $(CC) -print-file-name=include)
335 CHECKFLAGS := -D__linux__ -Dlinux -D__STDC__ -Dunix -D__unix__
336 CHECKFLAGS += $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS)
338 CFLAGS_MODULE = $(MODFLAGS)
339 AFLAGS_MODULE = $(MODFLAGS)
345 # Use LINUXINCLUDE when you must reference the include/ directory.
346 # Needed to be compatible with the O= option
347 LINUXINCLUDE := -Iinclude \
348 $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),-Iinclude2 -I$(srctree)/include)
350 CPPFLAGS := -D__KERNEL__ $(LINUXINCLUDE)
352 CFLAGS := -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs \
353 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common \
355 AFLAGS := -D__ASSEMBLY__
357 export VERSION PATCHLEVEL SUBLEVEL EXTRAVERSION LOCALVERSION KERNELRELEASE \
358 ARCH CONFIG_SHELL HOSTCC HOSTCFLAGS CROSS_COMPILE AS LD CC \
359 CPP AR NM STRIP OBJCOPY OBJDUMP MAKE AWK GENKSYMS PERL UTS_MACHINE \
360 HOSTCXX HOSTCXXFLAGS LDFLAGS_MODULE CHECK CHECKFLAGS
362 export CPPFLAGS NOSTDINC_FLAGS LINUXINCLUDE OBJCOPYFLAGS LDFLAGS
363 export CFLAGS CFLAGS_KERNEL CFLAGS_MODULE
364 export AFLAGS AFLAGS_KERNEL AFLAGS_MODULE
366 # When compiling out-of-tree modules, put MODVERDIR in the module
367 # tree rather than in the kernel tree. The kernel tree might
369 export MODVERDIR := $(if $(KBUILD_EXTMOD),$(firstword $(KBUILD_EXTMOD))/).tmp_versions
371 # The temporary file to save gcc -MD generated dependencies must not
374 depfile = $(subst $(comma),_,$(@D)/.$(@F).d)
376 # Files to ignore in find ... statements
378 RCS_FIND_IGNORE := \( -name SCCS -o -name BitKeeper -o -name .svn -o -name CVS -o -name .pc \) -prune -o
379 RCS_TAR_IGNORE := --exclude SCCS --exclude BitKeeper --exclude .svn --exclude CVS --exclude .pc
381 # ===========================================================================
382 # Rules shared between *config targets and build targets
384 # Basic helpers built in scripts/
385 .PHONY: scripts_basic
387 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/basic
389 .PHONY: outputmakefile
390 # outputmakefile generate a Makefile to be placed in output directory, if
391 # using a seperate output directory. This allows convinient use
392 # of make in output directory
394 $(Q)if test ! $(srctree) -ef $(objtree); then \
395 $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/mkmakefile \
396 $(srctree) $(objtree) $(VERSION) $(PATCHLEVEL) \
397 > $(objtree)/Makefile; \
398 echo ' GEN $(objtree)/Makefile'; \
401 # To make sure we do not include .config for any of the *config targets
402 # catch them early, and hand them over to scripts/kconfig/Makefile
403 # It is allowed to specify more targets when calling make, including
404 # mixing *config targets and build targets.
405 # For example 'make oldconfig all'.
406 # Detect when mixed targets is specified, and make a second invocation
407 # of make so .config is not included in this case either (for *config).
409 no-dot-config-targets := clean mrproper distclean \
410 cscope TAGS tags help %docs check%
416 ifneq ($(filter $(no-dot-config-targets), $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
417 ifeq ($(filter-out $(no-dot-config-targets), $(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
422 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
423 ifneq ($(filter config %config,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
425 ifneq ($(filter-out config %config,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),)
431 ifeq ($(mixed-targets),1)
432 # ===========================================================================
433 # We're called with mixed targets (*config and build targets).
434 # Handle them one by one.
437 $(Q)$(MAKE) -C $(srctree) KBUILD_SRC= $@
440 ifeq ($(config-targets),1)
441 # ===========================================================================
442 # *config targets only - make sure prerequisites are updated, and descend
443 # in scripts/kconfig to make the *config target
445 # Read arch specific Makefile to set KBUILD_DEFCONFIG as needed.
446 # KBUILD_DEFCONFIG may point out an alternative default configuration
447 # used for 'make defconfig'
448 include $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
449 export KBUILD_DEFCONFIG
451 config: scripts_basic outputmakefile FORCE
452 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/kconfig $@
453 %config: scripts_basic outputmakefile FORCE
454 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=scripts/kconfig $@
457 # ===========================================================================
458 # Build targets only - this includes vmlinux, arch specific targets, clean
459 # targets and others. In general all targets except *config targets.
461 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
462 # Additional helpers built in scripts/
463 # Carefully list dependencies so we do not try to build scripts twice
466 scripts: scripts_basic include/config/MARKER
467 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@)
469 scripts_basic: include/linux/autoconf.h
471 # Objects we will link into vmlinux / subdirs we need to visit
473 drivers-y := drivers/ sound/
477 endif # KBUILD_EXTMOD
479 ifeq ($(dot-config),1)
480 # In this section, we need .config
482 # Read in dependencies to all Kconfig* files, make sure to run
483 # oldconfig if changes are detected.
488 # If .config needs to be updated, it will be done via the dependency
489 # that autoconf has on .config.
490 # To avoid any implicit rule to kick in, define an empty command
493 # If .config is newer than include/linux/autoconf.h, someone tinkered
494 # with it and forgot to run make oldconfig
495 include/linux/autoconf.h: .config
496 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Makefile silentoldconfig
498 # Dummy target needed, because used as prerequisite
499 include/linux/autoconf.h: ;
502 # The all: target is the default when no target is given on the
504 # This allow a user to issue only 'make' to build a kernel including modules
505 # Defaults vmlinux but it is usually overriden in the arch makefile
508 ifdef CONFIG_CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE
514 #Add align options if CONFIG_CC_* is not equal to 0
515 add-align = $(if $(filter-out 0,$($(1))),$(cc-option-align)$(2)=$($(1)))
516 CFLAGS += $(call add-align,CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_FUNCTIONS,-functions)
517 CFLAGS += $(call add-align,CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_LABELS,-labels)
518 CFLAGS += $(call add-align,CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_LOOPS,-loops)
519 CFLAGS += $(call add-align,CONFIG_CC_ALIGN_JUMPS,-jumps)
521 ifdef CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER
522 CFLAGS += -fno-omit-frame-pointer
524 CFLAGS += -fomit-frame-pointer
527 ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO
531 include $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
533 # warn about C99 declaration after statement
534 CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Wdeclaration-after-statement,)
536 # disable pointer signedness warnings in gcc 4.0
537 CFLAGS += $(call cc-option,-Wno-pointer-sign,)
539 # Default kernel image to build when no specific target is given.
540 # KBUILD_IMAGE may be overruled on the commandline or
541 # set in the environment
542 # Also any assingments in arch/$(ARCH)/Makefiel take precedence over
544 export KBUILD_IMAGE ?= vmlinux
547 # INSTALL_PATH specifies where to place the updated kernel and system map
548 # images. Uncomment if you want to place them anywhere other than root.
551 #export INSTALL_PATH=/boot
554 # INSTALL_MOD_PATH specifies a prefix to MODLIB for module directory
555 # relocations required by build roots. This is not defined in the
556 # makefile but the arguement can be passed to make if needed.
559 MODLIB := $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH)/lib/modules/$(KERNELRELEASE)
563 ifeq ($(KBUILD_EXTMOD),)
564 core-y += kernel/ mm/ fs/ ipc/ security/ crypto/
566 vmlinux-dirs := $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, $(init-y) $(init-m) \
567 $(core-y) $(core-m) $(drivers-y) $(drivers-m) \
568 $(net-y) $(net-m) $(libs-y) $(libs-m)))
570 vmlinux-alldirs := $(sort $(vmlinux-dirs) $(patsubst %/,%,$(filter %/, \
572 $(core-n) $(core-) $(drivers-n) $(drivers-) \
573 $(net-n) $(net-) $(libs-n) $(libs-))))
575 init-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(init-y))
576 core-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(core-y))
577 drivers-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(drivers-y))
578 net-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(net-y))
579 libs-y1 := $(patsubst %/, %/lib.a, $(libs-y))
580 libs-y2 := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(libs-y))
581 libs-y := $(libs-y1) $(libs-y2)
584 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
585 # vmlinux is build from the objects selected by $(vmlinux-init) and
586 # $(vmlinux-main). Most are built-in.o files from top-level directories
587 # in the kernel tree, others are specified in arch/$(ARCH)Makefile.
588 # Ordering when linking is important, and $(vmlinux-init) must be first.
593 # +-< $(vmlinux-init)
594 # | +--< init/version.o + more
596 # +--< $(vmlinux-main)
597 # | +--< driver/built-in.o mm/built-in.o + more
599 # +-< kallsyms.o (see description in CONFIG_KALLSYMS section)
601 # vmlinux version (uname -v) cannot be updated during normal
602 # descending-into-subdirs phase since we do not yet know if we need to
604 # Therefore this step is delayed until just before final link of vmlinux -
605 # except in the kallsyms case where it is done just before adding the
606 # symbols to the kernel.
608 # System.map is generated to document addresses of all kernel symbols
610 vmlinux-init := $(head-y) $(init-y)
611 vmlinux-main := $(core-y) $(libs-y) $(drivers-y) $(net-y)
612 vmlinux-all := $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main)
613 vmlinux-lds := arch/$(ARCH)/kernel/vmlinux.lds
615 # Rule to link vmlinux - also used during CONFIG_KALLSYMS
616 # May be overridden by arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile
617 quiet_cmd_vmlinux__ ?= LD $@
618 cmd_vmlinux__ ?= $(LD) $(LDFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS_vmlinux) -o $@ \
619 -T $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-init) \
620 --start-group $(vmlinux-main) --end-group \
621 $(filter-out $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main) FORCE ,$^)
623 # Generate new vmlinux version
624 quiet_cmd_vmlinux_version = GEN .version
625 cmd_vmlinux_version = set -e; \
626 . $(srctree)/scripts/mkversion > .tmp_version; \
627 mv -f .tmp_version .version; \
628 $(MAKE) $(build)=init
630 # Generate System.map
631 quiet_cmd_sysmap = SYSMAP
632 cmd_sysmap = $(CONFIG_SHELL) $(srctree)/scripts/mksysmap
635 # If CONFIG_KALLSYMS is set .version is already updated
636 # Generate System.map and verify that the content is consistent
638 define rule_vmlinux__
639 $(if $(CONFIG_KALLSYMS),,+$(call cmd,vmlinux_version))
641 $(call cmd,vmlinux__)
642 $(Q)echo 'cmd_$@ := $(cmd_vmlinux__)' > $(@D)/.$(@F).cmd
644 $(Q)$(if $($(quiet)cmd_sysmap), \
645 echo ' $($(quiet)cmd_sysmap) System.map' &&) \
646 $(cmd_sysmap) $@ System.map; \
647 if [ $$? -ne 0 ]; then \
655 ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
656 # Generate section listing all symbols and add it into vmlinux $(kallsyms.o)
657 # It's a three stage process:
658 # o .tmp_vmlinux1 has all symbols and sections, but __kallsyms is
660 # Running kallsyms on that gives us .tmp_kallsyms1.o with
661 # the right size - vmlinux version (uname -v) is updated during this step
662 # o .tmp_vmlinux2 now has a __kallsyms section of the right size,
663 # but due to the added section, some addresses have shifted.
664 # From here, we generate a correct .tmp_kallsyms2.o
665 # o The correct .tmp_kallsyms2.o is linked into the final vmlinux.
666 # o Verify that the System.map from vmlinux matches the map from
667 # .tmp_vmlinux2, just in case we did not generate kallsyms correctly.
668 # o If CONFIG_KALLSYMS_EXTRA_PASS is set, do an extra pass using
669 # .tmp_vmlinux3 and .tmp_kallsyms3.o. This is only meant as a
670 # temporary bypass to allow the kernel to be built while the
671 # maintainers work out what went wrong with kallsyms.
673 ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS_EXTRA_PASS
679 kallsyms.o := .tmp_kallsyms$(last_kallsyms).o
681 define verify_kallsyms
682 $(Q)$(if $($(quiet)cmd_sysmap), \
683 echo ' $($(quiet)cmd_sysmap) .tmp_System.map' &&) \
684 $(cmd_sysmap) .tmp_vmlinux$(last_kallsyms) .tmp_System.map
685 $(Q)cmp -s System.map .tmp_System.map || \
686 (echo Inconsistent kallsyms data; \
687 echo Try setting CONFIG_KALLSYMS_EXTRA_PASS; \
688 rm .tmp_kallsyms* ; /bin/false )
691 # Update vmlinux version before link
692 # Use + in front of this rule to silent warning about make -j1
693 cmd_ksym_ld = $(cmd_vmlinux__)
695 +$(call cmd,vmlinux_version)
696 $(call cmd,vmlinux__)
697 $(Q)echo 'cmd_$@ := $(cmd_vmlinux__)' > $(@D)/.$(@F).cmd
700 # Generate .S file with all kernel symbols
701 quiet_cmd_kallsyms = KSYM $@
702 cmd_kallsyms = $(NM) -n $< | $(KALLSYMS) \
703 $(if $(CONFIG_KALLSYMS_ALL),--all-symbols) > $@
705 .tmp_kallsyms1.o .tmp_kallsyms2.o .tmp_kallsyms3.o: %.o: %.S scripts FORCE
706 $(call if_changed_dep,as_o_S)
708 .tmp_kallsyms%.S: .tmp_vmlinux% $(KALLSYMS)
711 # .tmp_vmlinux1 must be complete except kallsyms, so update vmlinux version
712 .tmp_vmlinux1: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-all) FORCE
713 $(call if_changed_rule,ksym_ld)
715 .tmp_vmlinux2: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-all) .tmp_kallsyms1.o FORCE
716 $(call if_changed,vmlinux__)
718 .tmp_vmlinux3: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-all) .tmp_kallsyms2.o FORCE
719 $(call if_changed,vmlinux__)
721 # Needs to visit scripts/ before $(KALLSYMS) can be used.
722 $(KALLSYMS): scripts ;
724 endif # ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
726 # vmlinux image - including updated kernel symbols
727 vmlinux: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main) $(kallsyms.o) FORCE
728 $(call if_changed_rule,vmlinux__)
730 # The actual objects are generated when descending,
731 # make sure no implicit rule kicks in
732 $(sort $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main)) $(vmlinux-lds): $(vmlinux-dirs) ;
734 # Handle descending into subdirectories listed in $(vmlinux-dirs)
735 # Preset locale variables to speed up the build process. Limit locale
736 # tweaks to this spot to avoid wrong language settings when running
737 # make menuconfig etc.
738 # Error messages still appears in the original language
740 .PHONY: $(vmlinux-dirs)
741 $(vmlinux-dirs): prepare-all scripts
742 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$@
744 # Things we need to do before we recursively start building the kernel
745 # or the modules are listed in "prepare-all".
746 # A multi level approach is used. prepare1 is updated first, then prepare0.
747 # prepare-all is the collection point for the prepare targets.
749 .PHONY: prepare-all prepare prepare0 prepare1 prepare2
751 # prepare2 is used to check if we are building in a separate output directory,
753 # 1) Check that make has not been executed in the kernel src $(srctree)
754 # 2) Create the include2 directory, used for the second asm symlink
757 ifneq ($(KBUILD_SRC),)
758 @echo ' Using $(srctree) as source for kernel'
759 $(Q)if [ -h $(srctree)/include/asm -o -f $(srctree)/.config ]; then \
760 echo " $(srctree) is not clean, please run 'make mrproper'";\
761 echo " in the '$(srctree)' directory.";\
764 $(Q)if [ ! -d include2 ]; then mkdir -p include2; fi;
765 $(Q)ln -fsn $(srctree)/include/asm-$(ARCH) include2/asm
768 # prepare1 creates a makefile if using a separate output directory
769 prepare1: prepare2 outputmakefile
771 prepare0: prepare1 include/linux/version.h include/asm include/config/MARKER
772 ifneq ($(KBUILD_MODULES),)
773 $(Q)rm -rf $(MODVERDIR)
774 $(Q)mkdir -p $(MODVERDIR)
777 # All the preparing..
778 prepare-all: prepare0 prepare
780 # Leave this as default for preprocessing vmlinux.lds.S, which is now
781 # done in arch/$(ARCH)/kernel/Makefile
783 export CPPFLAGS_vmlinux.lds += -P -C -U$(ARCH)
786 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
788 %.s: %.c scripts FORCE
789 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
790 %.i: %.c scripts FORCE
791 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
792 %.o: %.c scripts FORCE
793 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
794 %/: scripts prepare FORCE
795 $(Q)$(MAKE) KBUILD_MODULES=$(if $(CONFIG_MODULES),1) $(build)=$(@D)
796 %.lst: %.c scripts FORCE
797 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
798 %.s: %.S scripts FORCE
799 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
800 %.o: %.S scripts FORCE
801 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(@D) $@
803 # FIXME: The asm symlink changes when $(ARCH) changes. That's
804 # hard to detect, but I suppose "make mrproper" is a good idea
805 # before switching between archs anyway.
808 @echo ' SYMLINK $@ -> include/asm-$(ARCH)'
809 $(Q)if [ ! -d include ]; then mkdir -p include; fi;
810 @ln -fsn asm-$(ARCH) $@
812 # Split autoconf.h into include/linux/config/*
814 include/config/MARKER: include/linux/autoconf.h
815 @echo ' SPLIT include/linux/autoconf.h -> include/config/*'
816 @scripts/basic/split-include include/linux/autoconf.h include/config
819 # Generate some files
820 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
822 # KERNELRELEASE can change from a few different places, meaning version.h
823 # needs to be updated, so this check is forced on all builds
827 define filechk_version.h
828 if [ `echo -n "$(KERNELRELEASE)" | wc -c ` -gt $(uts_len) ]; then \
829 echo '"$(KERNELRELEASE)" exceeds $(uts_len) characters' >&2; \
832 (echo \#define UTS_RELEASE \"$(KERNELRELEASE)\"; \
833 echo \#define LINUX_VERSION_CODE `expr $(VERSION) \\* 65536 + $(PATCHLEVEL) \\* 256 + $(SUBLEVEL)`; \
834 echo '#define KERNEL_VERSION(a,b,c) (((a) << 16) + ((b) << 8) + (c))'; \
838 include/linux/version.h: $(srctree)/Makefile FORCE
839 $(call filechk,version.h)
841 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
845 @echo '*** Warning: make $@ is unnecessary now.'
847 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
852 # By default, build modules as well
859 modules: $(vmlinux-dirs) $(if $(KBUILD_BUILTIN),vmlinux)
860 @echo ' Building modules, stage 2.';
861 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modpost
864 # Target to prepare building external modules
865 .PHONY: modules_prepare
866 modules_prepare: prepare-all scripts
868 # Target to install modules
869 .PHONY: modules_install
870 modules_install: _modinst_ _modinst_post
874 @if [ -z "`$(DEPMOD) -V | grep module-init-tools`" ]; then \
875 echo "Warning: you may need to install module-init-tools"; \
876 echo "See http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/docs/post-halloween-2.6.txt";\
879 @rm -rf $(MODLIB)/kernel
880 @rm -f $(MODLIB)/source
881 @mkdir -p $(MODLIB)/kernel
882 @ln -s $(srctree) $(MODLIB)/source
883 @if [ ! $(objtree) -ef $(MODLIB)/build ]; then \
884 rm -f $(MODLIB)/build ; \
885 ln -s $(objtree) $(MODLIB)/build ; \
887 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modinst
889 # If System.map exists, run depmod. This deliberately does not have a
890 # dependency on System.map since that would run the dependency tree on
891 # vmlinux. This depmod is only for convenience to give the initial
892 # boot a modules.dep even before / is mounted read-write. However the
893 # boot script depmod is the master version.
894 ifeq "$(strip $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH))" ""
897 depmod_opts := -b $(INSTALL_MOD_PATH) -r
899 .PHONY: _modinst_post
900 _modinst_post: _modinst_
901 if [ -r System.map ]; then $(DEPMOD) -ae -F System.map $(depmod_opts) $(KERNELRELEASE); fi
903 else # CONFIG_MODULES
905 # Modules not configured
906 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
908 modules modules_install: FORCE
910 @echo "The present kernel configuration has modules disabled."
911 @echo "Type 'make config' and enable loadable module support."
912 @echo "Then build a kernel with module support enabled."
916 endif # CONFIG_MODULES
918 # Generate asm-offsets.h
919 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
921 define filechk_gen-asm-offsets
923 echo "#ifndef __ASM_OFFSETS_H__"; \
924 echo "#define __ASM_OFFSETS_H__"; \
926 echo " * DO NOT MODIFY."; \
928 echo " * This file was generated by arch/$(ARCH)/Makefile"; \
932 sed -ne "/^->/{s:^->\([^ ]*\) [\$$#]*\([^ ]*\) \(.*\):#define \1 \2 /* \3 */:; s:->::; p;}"; \
939 # Cleaning is done on three levels.
940 # make clean Delete most generated files
941 # Leave enough to build external modules
942 # make mrproper Delete the current configuration, and all generated files
943 # make distclean Remove editor backup files, patch leftover files and the like
945 # Directories & files removed with 'make clean'
946 CLEAN_DIRS += $(MODVERDIR)
947 CLEAN_FILES += vmlinux System.map \
948 .tmp_kallsyms* .tmp_version .tmp_vmlinux* .tmp_System.map
950 # Directories & files removed with 'make mrproper'
951 MRPROPER_DIRS += include/config include2
952 MRPROPER_FILES += .config .config.old include/asm .version \
953 include/linux/autoconf.h include/linux/version.h \
954 Module.symvers tags TAGS cscope*
956 # clean - Delete most, but leave enough to build external modules
958 clean: rm-dirs := $(CLEAN_DIRS)
959 clean: rm-files := $(CLEAN_FILES)
960 clean-dirs := $(addprefix _clean_,$(vmlinux-alldirs))
962 .PHONY: $(clean-dirs) clean archclean
964 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _clean_%,%,$@)
966 clean: archclean $(clean-dirs)
969 @find . $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
970 \( -name '*.[oas]' -o -name '*.ko' -o -name '.*.cmd' \
971 -o -name '.*.d' -o -name '.*.tmp' -o -name '*.mod.c' \) \
972 -type f -print | xargs rm -f
974 # mrproper - Delete all generated files, including .config
976 mrproper: rm-dirs := $(wildcard $(MRPROPER_DIRS))
977 mrproper: rm-files := $(wildcard $(MRPROPER_FILES))
978 mrproper-dirs := $(addprefix _mrproper_,Documentation/DocBook scripts)
980 .PHONY: $(mrproper-dirs) mrproper archmrproper
982 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _mrproper_%,%,$@)
984 mrproper: clean archmrproper $(mrproper-dirs)
993 @find $(srctree) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
994 \( -name '*.orig' -o -name '*.rej' -o -name '*~' \
995 -o -name '*.bak' -o -name '#*#' -o -name '.*.orig' \
996 -o -name '.*.rej' -o -size 0 \
997 -o -name '*%' -o -name '.*.cmd' -o -name 'core' \) \
998 -type f -print | xargs rm -f
1001 # Packaging of the kernel to various formats
1002 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1003 # rpm target kept for backward compatibility
1004 package-dir := $(srctree)/scripts/package
1009 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(package-dir)/Makefile $@
1011 $(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(package-dir)/Makefile $@
1014 # Brief documentation of the typical targets used
1015 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1017 boards := $(wildcard $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH)/configs/*_defconfig)
1018 boards := $(notdir $(boards))
1021 @echo 'Cleaning targets:'
1022 @echo ' clean - remove most generated files but keep the config'
1023 @echo ' mrproper - remove all generated files + config + various backup files'
1025 @echo 'Configuration targets:'
1026 @$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/scripts/kconfig/Makefile help
1028 @echo 'Other generic targets:'
1029 @echo ' all - Build all targets marked with [*]'
1030 @echo '* vmlinux - Build the bare kernel'
1031 @echo '* modules - Build all modules'
1032 @echo ' modules_install - Install all modules'
1033 @echo ' dir/ - Build all files in dir and below'
1034 @echo ' dir/file.[ois] - Build specified target only'
1035 @echo ' rpm - Build a kernel as an RPM package'
1036 @echo ' tags/TAGS - Generate tags file for editors'
1037 @echo ' cscope - Generate cscope index'
1039 @echo 'Static analysers'
1040 @echo ' buildcheck - List dangling references to vmlinux discarded sections'
1041 @echo ' and init sections from non-init sections'
1042 @echo ' checkstack - Generate a list of stack hogs'
1043 @echo ' namespacecheck - Name space analysis on compiled kernel'
1045 @echo 'Kernel packaging:'
1046 @$(MAKE) -f $(package-dir)/Makefile help
1048 @echo 'Documentation targets:'
1049 @$(MAKE) -f $(srctree)/Documentation/DocBook/Makefile dochelp
1051 @echo 'Architecture specific targets ($(ARCH)):'
1052 @$(if $(archhelp),$(archhelp),\
1053 echo ' No architecture specific help defined for $(ARCH)')
1056 $(foreach b, $(boards), \
1057 printf " %-24s - Build for %s\\n" $(b) $(subst _defconfig,,$(b));) \
1060 @echo ' make V=0|1 [targets] 0 => quiet build (default), 1 => verbose build'
1061 @echo ' make O=dir [targets] Locate all output files in "dir", including .config'
1062 @echo ' make C=1 [targets] Check all c source with $$CHECK (sparse)'
1063 @echo ' make C=2 [targets] Force check of all c source with $$CHECK (sparse)'
1065 @echo 'Execute "make" or "make all" to build all targets marked with [*] '
1066 @echo 'For further info see the ./README file'
1069 # Documentation targets
1070 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1071 %docs: scripts_basic FORCE
1072 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=Documentation/DocBook $@
1074 else # KBUILD_EXTMOD
1077 # External module support.
1078 # When building external modules the kernel used as basis is considered
1079 # read-only, and no consistency checks are made and the make
1080 # system is not used on the basis kernel. If updates are required
1081 # in the basis kernel ordinary make commands (without M=...) must
1084 # The following are the only valid targets when building external
1086 # make M=dir clean Delete all automatically generated files
1087 # make M=dir modules Make all modules in specified dir
1088 # make M=dir Same as 'make M=dir modules'
1089 # make M=dir modules_install
1090 # Install the modules build in the module directory
1091 # Assumes install directory is already created
1093 # We are always building modules
1097 $(Q)mkdir -p $(MODVERDIR)
1099 module-dirs := $(addprefix _module_,$(KBUILD_EXTMOD))
1100 .PHONY: $(module-dirs) modules
1101 $(module-dirs): crmodverdir
1102 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(patsubst _module_%,%,$@)
1104 modules: $(module-dirs)
1105 @echo ' Building modules, stage 2.';
1106 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modpost
1108 .PHONY: modules_install
1110 $(Q)$(MAKE) -rR -f $(srctree)/scripts/Makefile.modinst
1112 clean-dirs := $(addprefix _clean_,$(KBUILD_EXTMOD))
1114 .PHONY: $(clean-dirs) clean
1116 $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=$(patsubst _clean_%,%,$@)
1118 clean: rm-dirs := $(MODVERDIR)
1119 clean: $(clean-dirs)
1121 @find $(KBUILD_EXTMOD) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1122 \( -name '*.[oas]' -o -name '*.ko' -o -name '.*.cmd' \
1123 -o -name '.*.d' -o -name '.*.tmp' -o -name '*.mod.c' \) \
1124 -type f -print | xargs rm -f
1127 @echo ' Building external modules.'
1128 @echo ' Syntax: make -C path/to/kernel/src M=$$PWD target'
1130 @echo ' modules - default target, build the module(s)'
1131 @echo ' modules_install - install the module'
1132 @echo ' clean - remove generated files in module directory only'
1134 endif # KBUILD_EXTMOD
1136 # Generate tags for editors
1137 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1140 ( find $(srctree) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1141 \( -name include -o -name arch \) -prune -o \
1142 -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1143 find $(srctree)/arch/$(ARCH) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1144 -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1145 find $(srctree)/security/selinux/include $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1146 -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1147 find $(srctree)/include $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1148 \( -name config -o -name 'asm-*' \) -prune \
1149 -o -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1150 find $(srctree)/include/asm-$(ARCH) $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1151 -name '*.[chS]' -print; \
1152 find $(srctree)/include/asm-generic $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1153 -name '*.[chS]' -print )
1156 quiet_cmd_cscope-file = FILELST cscope.files
1157 cmd_cscope-file = $(all-sources) > cscope.files
1159 quiet_cmd_cscope = MAKE cscope.out
1160 cmd_cscope = cscope -k -b -q
1163 $(call cmd,cscope-file)
1166 quiet_cmd_TAGS = MAKE $@
1167 cmd_TAGS = $(all-sources) | etags -
1169 # Exuberant ctags works better with -I
1171 quiet_cmd_tags = MAKE $@
1174 CTAGSF=`ctags --version | grep -i exuberant >/dev/null && echo "-I __initdata,__exitdata,EXPORT_SYMBOL,EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL"`; \
1175 $(all-sources) | xargs ctags $$CTAGSF -a
1185 # Scripts to check various things for consistency
1186 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1189 find * $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1190 -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print | sort \
1191 | xargs $(PERL) -w scripts/checkconfig.pl
1194 find * $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1195 -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print | sort \
1196 | xargs $(PERL) -w scripts/checkincludes.pl
1199 find * $(RCS_FIND_IGNORE) \
1200 -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print | sort \
1201 | xargs $(PERL) -w scripts/checkversion.pl
1204 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/reference_discarded.pl
1205 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/reference_init.pl
1208 $(PERL) $(srctree)/scripts/namespace.pl
1210 endif #ifeq ($(config-targets),1)
1211 endif #ifeq ($(mixed-targets),1)
1215 $(OBJDUMP) -d vmlinux $$(find . -name '*.ko') | \
1216 $(PERL) $(src)/scripts/checkstack.pl $(ARCH)
1219 @echo $(KERNELRELEASE)
1221 # FIXME Should go into a make.lib or something
1222 # ===========================================================================
1224 quiet_cmd_rmdirs = $(if $(wildcard $(rm-dirs)),CLEAN $(wildcard $(rm-dirs)))
1225 cmd_rmdirs = rm -rf $(rm-dirs)
1227 quiet_cmd_rmfiles = $(if $(wildcard $(rm-files)),CLEAN $(wildcard $(rm-files)))
1228 cmd_rmfiles = rm -f $(rm-files)
1231 a_flags = -Wp,-MD,$(depfile) $(AFLAGS) $(AFLAGS_KERNEL) \
1232 $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) \
1233 $(modkern_aflags) $(EXTRA_AFLAGS) $(AFLAGS_$(*F).o)
1235 quiet_cmd_as_o_S = AS $@
1236 cmd_as_o_S = $(CC) $(a_flags) -c -o $@ $<
1238 # read all saved command lines
1240 targets := $(wildcard $(sort $(targets)))
1241 cmd_files := $(wildcard .*.cmd $(foreach f,$(targets),$(dir $(f)).$(notdir $(f)).cmd))
1243 ifneq ($(cmd_files),)
1244 $(cmd_files): ; # Do not try to update included dependency files
1245 include $(cmd_files)
1248 # Execute command and generate cmd file
1249 if_changed = $(if $(strip $? \
1250 $(filter-out $(cmd_$(1)),$(cmd_$@))\
1251 $(filter-out $(cmd_$@),$(cmd_$(1)))),\
1253 $(if $($(quiet)cmd_$(1)),echo ' $(subst ','\'',$($(quiet)cmd_$(1)))';) \
1255 echo 'cmd_$@ := $(subst $$,$$$$,$(subst ','\'',$(cmd_$(1))))' > $(@D)/.$(@F).cmd)
1258 # execute the command and also postprocess generated .d dependencies
1260 if_changed_dep = $(if $(strip $? $(filter-out FORCE $(wildcard $^),$^)\
1261 $(filter-out $(cmd_$(1)),$(cmd_$@))\
1262 $(filter-out $(cmd_$@),$(cmd_$(1)))),\
1264 $(if $($(quiet)cmd_$(1)),echo ' $(subst ','\'',$($(quiet)cmd_$(1)))';) \
1266 scripts/basic/fixdep $(depfile) $@ '$(subst $$,$$$$,$(subst ','\'',$(cmd_$(1))))' > $(@D)/.$(@F).tmp; \
1268 mv -f $(@D)/.$(@F).tmp $(@D)/.$(@F).cmd)
1270 # Usage: $(call if_changed_rule,foo)
1271 # will check if $(cmd_foo) changed, or any of the prequisites changed,
1272 # and if so will execute $(rule_foo)
1274 if_changed_rule = $(if $(strip $? \
1275 $(filter-out $(cmd_$(1)),$(cmd_$(@F)))\
1276 $(filter-out $(cmd_$(@F)),$(cmd_$(1)))),\
1279 # If quiet is set, only print short version of command
1281 cmd = @$(if $($(quiet)cmd_$(1)),echo ' $($(quiet)cmd_$(1))' &&) $(cmd_$(1))
1283 # filechk is used to check if the content of a generated file is updated.
1285 # define filechk_sample
1286 # echo $KERNELRELEASE
1288 # version.h : Makefile
1289 # $(call filechk,sample)
1290 # The rule defined shall write to stdout the content of the new file.
1291 # The existing file will be compared with the new one.
1292 # - If no file exist it is created
1293 # - If the content differ the new file is used
1294 # - If they are equal no change, and no timestamp update
1299 mkdir -p $(dir $@); \
1300 $(filechk_$(1)) < $< > $@.tmp; \
1301 if [ -r $@ ] && cmp -s $@ $@.tmp; then \
1309 # Shorthand for $(Q)$(MAKE) -f scripts/Makefile.build obj=dir
1311 # $(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=dir
1312 build := -f $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),$(srctree)/)scripts/Makefile.build obj
1314 # Shorthand for $(Q)$(MAKE) -f scripts/Makefile.clean obj=dir
1316 # $(Q)$(MAKE) $(clean)=dir
1317 clean := -f $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),$(srctree)/)scripts/Makefile.clean obj
1319 # $(call descend,<dir>,<target>)
1320 # Recursively call a sub-make in <dir> with target <target>
1321 # Usage is deprecated, because make does not see this as an invocation of make.
1322 descend =$(Q)$(MAKE) -f $(if $(KBUILD_SRC),$(srctree)/)scripts/Makefile.build obj=$(1) $(2)
1324 endif # skip-makefile