2 * linux/arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
4 * Copyright (C) 1995-2002 Russell King
5 * Fragments that appear the same as linux/arch/i386/kernel/traps.c (C) Linus Torvalds
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
11 * 'traps.c' handles hardware exceptions after we have saved some state in
12 * 'linux/arch/arm/lib/traps.S'. Mostly a debugging aid, but will probably
13 * kill the offending process.
15 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <linux/signal.h>
17 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
18 #include <linux/personality.h>
19 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
20 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/init.h>
24 #include <asm/atomic.h>
25 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
26 #include <asm/system.h>
27 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
28 #include <asm/unistd.h>
29 #include <asm/traps.h>
34 const char *processor_modes[]=
35 { "USER_26", "FIQ_26" , "IRQ_26" , "SVC_26" , "UK4_26" , "UK5_26" , "UK6_26" , "UK7_26" ,
36 "UK8_26" , "UK9_26" , "UK10_26", "UK11_26", "UK12_26", "UK13_26", "UK14_26", "UK15_26",
37 "USER_32", "FIQ_32" , "IRQ_32" , "SVC_32" , "UK4_32" , "UK5_32" , "UK6_32" , "ABT_32" ,
38 "UK8_32" , "UK9_32" , "UK10_32", "UND_32" , "UK12_32", "UK13_32", "UK14_32", "SYS_32"
41 static const char *handler[]= { "prefetch abort", "data abort", "address exception", "interrupt" };
43 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
44 unsigned int user_debug;
46 static int __init user_debug_setup(char *str)
48 get_option(&str, &user_debug);
51 __setup("user_debug=", user_debug_setup);
54 void dump_backtrace_entry(unsigned long where, unsigned long from)
56 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
57 printk("[<%08lx>] ", where);
58 print_symbol("(%s) ", where);
59 printk("from [<%08lx>] ", from);
60 print_symbol("(%s)\n", from);
62 printk("Function entered at [<%08lx>] from [<%08lx>]\n", where, from);
67 * Stack pointers should always be within the kernels view of
68 * physical memory. If it is not there, then we can't dump
69 * out any information relating to the stack.
71 static int verify_stack(unsigned long sp)
73 if (sp < PAGE_OFFSET || (sp > (unsigned long)high_memory && high_memory != 0))
80 * Dump out the contents of some memory nicely...
82 static void dump_mem(const char *str, unsigned long bottom, unsigned long top)
84 unsigned long p = bottom & ~31;
89 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
90 * to safely read from kernel space. Note that we now dump the
91 * code first, just in case the backtrace kills us.
96 printk("%s(0x%08lx to 0x%08lx)\n", str, bottom, top);
98 for (p = bottom & ~31; p < top;) {
99 printk("%04lx: ", p & 0xffff);
101 for (i = 0; i < 8; i++, p += 4) {
104 if (p < bottom || p >= top)
107 __get_user(val, (unsigned long *)p);
108 printk("%08x ", val);
117 static void dump_instr(struct pt_regs *regs)
119 unsigned long addr = instruction_pointer(regs);
120 const int thumb = thumb_mode(regs);
121 const int width = thumb ? 4 : 8;
126 * We need to switch to kernel mode so that we can use __get_user
127 * to safely read from kernel space. Note that we now dump the
128 * code first, just in case the backtrace kills us.
134 for (i = -4; i < 1; i++) {
135 unsigned int val, bad;
138 bad = __get_user(val, &((u16 *)addr)[i]);
140 bad = __get_user(val, &((u32 *)addr)[i]);
143 printk(i == 0 ? "(%0*x) " : "%0*x ", width, val);
145 printk("bad PC value.");
154 static void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs *regs, struct task_struct *tsk)
159 printk("Backtrace: ");
162 printk("no frame pointer");
164 } else if (verify_stack(fp)) {
165 printk("invalid frame pointer 0x%08x", fp);
167 } else if (fp < (unsigned long)end_of_stack(tsk))
168 printk("frame pointer underflow");
172 c_backtrace(fp, processor_mode(regs));
175 void dump_stack(void)
177 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_ERRORS
182 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dump_stack);
184 void show_stack(struct task_struct *tsk, unsigned long *sp)
192 fp = thread_saved_fp(tsk);
194 asm("mov %0, fp" : "=r" (fp) : : "cc");
196 c_backtrace(fp, 0x10);
200 static void __die(const char *str, int err, struct thread_info *thread, struct pt_regs *regs)
202 struct task_struct *tsk = thread->task;
203 static int die_counter;
205 printk("Internal error: %s: %x [#%d]\n", str, err, ++die_counter);
208 printk("Process %s (pid: %d, stack limit = 0x%p)\n",
209 tsk->comm, tsk->pid, thread + 1);
211 if (!user_mode(regs) || in_interrupt()) {
212 dump_mem("Stack: ", regs->ARM_sp,
213 THREAD_SIZE + (unsigned long)task_stack_page(tsk));
214 dump_backtrace(regs, tsk);
219 DEFINE_SPINLOCK(die_lock);
222 * This function is protected against re-entrancy.
224 NORET_TYPE void die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, int err)
226 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
229 spin_lock_irq(&die_lock);
231 __die(str, err, thread, regs);
233 spin_unlock_irq(&die_lock);
236 panic("Fatal exception");
241 void notify_die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, struct siginfo *info,
242 unsigned long err, unsigned long trap)
244 if (user_mode(regs)) {
245 current->thread.error_code = err;
246 current->thread.trap_no = trap;
248 force_sig_info(info->si_signo, info, current);
254 static LIST_HEAD(undef_hook);
255 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(undef_lock);
257 void register_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
261 spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
262 list_add(&hook->node, &undef_hook);
263 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
266 void unregister_undef_hook(struct undef_hook *hook)
270 spin_lock_irqsave(&undef_lock, flags);
271 list_del(&hook->node);
272 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&undef_lock, flags);
275 asmlinkage void do_undefinstr(struct pt_regs *regs)
277 unsigned int correction = thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4;
279 struct undef_hook *hook;
284 * According to the ARM ARM, PC is 2 or 4 bytes ahead,
285 * depending whether we're in Thumb mode or not.
286 * Correct this offset.
288 regs->ARM_pc -= correction;
290 pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
291 if (thumb_mode(regs)) {
292 get_user(instr, (u16 __user *)pc);
294 get_user(instr, (u32 __user *)pc);
297 spin_lock_irq(&undef_lock);
298 list_for_each_entry(hook, &undef_hook, node) {
299 if ((instr & hook->instr_mask) == hook->instr_val &&
300 (regs->ARM_cpsr & hook->cpsr_mask) == hook->cpsr_val) {
301 if (hook->fn(regs, instr) == 0) {
302 spin_unlock_irq(&undef_lock);
307 spin_unlock_irq(&undef_lock);
309 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
310 if (user_debug & UDBG_UNDEFINED) {
311 printk(KERN_INFO "%s (%d): undefined instruction: pc=%p\n",
312 current->comm, current->pid, pc);
317 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
319 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
322 notify_die("Oops - undefined instruction", regs, &info, 0, 6);
325 asmlinkage void do_unexp_fiq (struct pt_regs *regs)
327 #ifndef CONFIG_IGNORE_FIQ
328 printk("Hmm. Unexpected FIQ received, but trying to continue\n");
329 printk("You may have a hardware problem...\n");
334 * bad_mode handles the impossible case in the vectors. If you see one of
335 * these, then it's extremely serious, and could mean you have buggy hardware.
336 * It never returns, and never tries to sync. We hope that we can at least
337 * dump out some state information...
339 asmlinkage void bad_mode(struct pt_regs *regs, int reason, int proc_mode)
343 printk(KERN_CRIT "Bad mode in %s handler detected: mode %s\n",
344 handler[reason], processor_modes[proc_mode]);
346 die("Oops - bad mode", regs, 0);
351 static int bad_syscall(int n, struct pt_regs *regs)
353 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
356 if (current->personality != PER_LINUX &&
357 current->personality != PER_LINUX_32BIT &&
358 thread->exec_domain->handler) {
359 thread->exec_domain->handler(n, regs);
363 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
364 if (user_debug & UDBG_SYSCALL) {
365 printk(KERN_ERR "[%d] %s: obsolete system call %08x.\n",
366 current->pid, current->comm, n);
371 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
373 info.si_code = ILL_ILLTRP;
374 info.si_addr = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs) -
375 (thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4);
377 notify_die("Oops - bad syscall", regs, &info, n, 0);
383 do_cache_op(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int flags)
385 struct vm_area_struct *vma;
387 if (end < start || flags)
390 vma = find_vma(current->active_mm, start);
391 if (vma && vma->vm_start < end) {
392 if (start < vma->vm_start)
393 start = vma->vm_start;
394 if (end > vma->vm_end)
397 flush_cache_user_range(vma, start, end);
402 * Handle all unrecognised system calls.
403 * 0x9f0000 - 0x9fffff are some more esoteric system calls
405 #define NR(x) ((__ARM_NR_##x) - __ARM_NR_BASE)
406 asmlinkage int arm_syscall(int no, struct pt_regs *regs)
408 struct thread_info *thread = current_thread_info();
411 if ((no >> 16) != (__ARM_NR_BASE>> 16))
412 return bad_syscall(no, regs);
414 switch (no & 0xffff) {
415 case 0: /* branch through 0 */
416 info.si_signo = SIGSEGV;
418 info.si_code = SEGV_MAPERR;
421 notify_die("branch through zero", regs, &info, 0, 0);
424 case NR(breakpoint): /* SWI BREAK_POINT */
425 regs->ARM_pc -= thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4;
426 ptrace_break(current, regs);
430 * Flush a region from virtual address 'r0' to virtual address 'r1'
431 * _exclusive_. There is no alignment requirement on either address;
432 * user space does not need to know the hardware cache layout.
434 * r2 contains flags. It should ALWAYS be passed as ZERO until it
435 * is defined to be something else. For now we ignore it, but may
436 * the fires of hell burn in your belly if you break this rule. ;)
438 * (at a later date, we may want to allow this call to not flush
439 * various aspects of the cache. Passing '0' will guarantee that
440 * everything necessary gets flushed to maintain consistency in
441 * the specified region).
444 do_cache_op(regs->ARM_r0, regs->ARM_r1, regs->ARM_r2);
448 if (!(elf_hwcap & HWCAP_26BIT))
450 regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~MODE32_BIT;
454 if (!(elf_hwcap & HWCAP_26BIT))
456 regs->ARM_cpsr |= MODE32_BIT;
460 thread->tp_value = regs->ARM_r0;
461 #if defined(CONFIG_HAS_TLS_REG)
462 asm ("mcr p15, 0, %0, c13, c0, 3" : : "r" (regs->ARM_r0) );
463 #elif !defined(CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL)
465 * User space must never try to access this directly.
466 * Expect your app to break eventually if you do so.
467 * The user helper at 0xffff0fe0 must be used instead.
468 * (see entry-armv.S for details)
470 *((unsigned int *)0xffff0ff0) = regs->ARM_r0;
474 #ifdef CONFIG_NEEDS_SYSCALL_FOR_CMPXCHG
476 * Atomically store r1 in *r2 if *r2 is equal to r0 for user space.
477 * Return zero in r0 if *MEM was changed or non-zero if no exchange
478 * happened. Also set the user C flag accordingly.
479 * If access permissions have to be fixed up then non-zero is
480 * returned and the operation has to be re-attempted.
482 * *NOTE*: This is a ghost syscall private to the kernel. Only the
483 * __kuser_cmpxchg code in entry-armv.S should be aware of its
484 * existence. Don't ever use this from user code.
488 extern void do_DataAbort(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr,
489 struct pt_regs *regs);
491 unsigned long addr = regs->ARM_r2;
492 struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
493 pgd_t *pgd; pmd_t *pmd; pte_t *pte;
496 regs->ARM_cpsr &= ~PSR_C_BIT;
497 down_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
498 pgd = pgd_offset(mm, addr);
499 if (!pgd_present(*pgd))
501 pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, addr);
502 if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
504 pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
505 if (!pte_present(*pte) || !pte_dirty(*pte)) {
506 pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
509 val = *(unsigned long *)addr;
512 *(unsigned long *)addr = regs->ARM_r1;
513 regs->ARM_cpsr |= PSR_C_BIT;
515 pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
516 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
520 up_read(&mm->mmap_sem);
521 /* simulate a write access fault */
522 do_DataAbort(addr, 15 + (1 << 11), regs);
528 /* Calls 9f00xx..9f07ff are defined to return -ENOSYS
529 if not implemented, rather than raising SIGILL. This
530 way the calling program can gracefully determine whether
531 a feature is supported. */
536 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
538 * experience shows that these seem to indicate that
539 * something catastrophic has happened
541 if (user_debug & UDBG_SYSCALL) {
542 printk("[%d] %s: arm syscall %d\n",
543 current->pid, current->comm, no);
545 if (user_mode(regs)) {
547 c_backtrace(regs->ARM_fp, processor_mode(regs));
551 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
553 info.si_code = ILL_ILLTRP;
554 info.si_addr = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs) -
555 (thumb_mode(regs) ? 2 : 4);
557 notify_die("Oops - bad syscall(2)", regs, &info, no, 0);
561 #ifdef CONFIG_TLS_REG_EMUL
564 * We might be running on an ARMv6+ processor which should have the TLS
565 * register but for some reason we can't use it, or maybe an SMP system
566 * using a pre-ARMv6 processor (there are apparently a few prototypes like
567 * that in existence) and therefore access to that register must be
571 static int get_tp_trap(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned int instr)
573 int reg = (instr >> 12) & 15;
576 regs->uregs[reg] = current_thread_info()->tp_value;
581 static struct undef_hook arm_mrc_hook = {
582 .instr_mask = 0x0fff0fff,
583 .instr_val = 0x0e1d0f70,
584 .cpsr_mask = PSR_T_BIT,
589 static int __init arm_mrc_hook_init(void)
591 register_undef_hook(&arm_mrc_hook);
595 late_initcall(arm_mrc_hook_init);
599 void __bad_xchg(volatile void *ptr, int size)
601 printk("xchg: bad data size: pc 0x%p, ptr 0x%p, size %d\n",
602 __builtin_return_address(0), ptr, size);
605 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__bad_xchg);
608 * A data abort trap was taken, but we did not handle the instruction.
609 * Try to abort the user program, or panic if it was the kernel.
612 baddataabort(int code, unsigned long instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
614 unsigned long addr = instruction_pointer(regs);
617 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_USER
618 if (user_debug & UDBG_BADABORT) {
619 printk(KERN_ERR "[%d] %s: bad data abort: code %d instr 0x%08lx\n",
620 current->pid, current->comm, code, instr);
622 show_pte(current->mm, addr);
626 info.si_signo = SIGILL;
628 info.si_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
629 info.si_addr = (void __user *)addr;
631 notify_die("unknown data abort code", regs, &info, instr, 0);
634 void __attribute__((noreturn)) __bug(const char *file, int line, void *data)
636 printk(KERN_CRIT"kernel BUG at %s:%d!", file, line);
638 printk(" - extra data = %p", data);
642 /* Avoid "noreturn function does return" */
645 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__bug);
647 void __readwrite_bug(const char *fn)
649 printk("%s called, but not implemented\n", fn);
652 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__readwrite_bug);
654 void __pte_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
656 printk("%s:%d: bad pte %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
659 void __pmd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
661 printk("%s:%d: bad pmd %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
664 void __pgd_error(const char *file, int line, unsigned long val)
666 printk("%s:%d: bad pgd %08lx.\n", file, line, val);
669 asmlinkage void __div0(void)
671 printk("Division by zero in kernel.\n");
674 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__div0);
680 /* if that doesn't kill us, halt */
681 panic("Oops failed to kill thread");
683 EXPORT_SYMBOL(abort);
685 void __init trap_init(void)
687 unsigned long vectors = CONFIG_VECTORS_BASE;
688 extern char __stubs_start[], __stubs_end[];
689 extern char __vectors_start[], __vectors_end[];
690 extern char __kuser_helper_start[], __kuser_helper_end[];
691 int kuser_sz = __kuser_helper_end - __kuser_helper_start;
694 * Copy the vectors, stubs and kuser helpers (in entry-armv.S)
695 * into the vector page, mapped at 0xffff0000, and ensure these
696 * are visible to the instruction stream.
698 memcpy((void *)vectors, __vectors_start, __vectors_end - __vectors_start);
699 memcpy((void *)vectors + 0x200, __stubs_start, __stubs_end - __stubs_start);
700 memcpy((void *)vectors + 0x1000 - kuser_sz, __kuser_helper_start, kuser_sz);
703 * Copy signal return handlers into the vector page, and
704 * set sigreturn to be a pointer to these.
706 memcpy((void *)KERN_SIGRETURN_CODE, sigreturn_codes,
707 sizeof(sigreturn_codes));
709 flush_icache_range(vectors, vectors + PAGE_SIZE);
710 modify_domain(DOMAIN_USER, DOMAIN_CLIENT);