2 * include/asm-i386/processor.h
4 * Copyright (C) 1994 Linus Torvalds
7 #ifndef __ASM_I386_PROCESSOR_H
8 #define __ASM_I386_PROCESSOR_H
11 #include <asm/math_emu.h>
12 #include <asm/segment.h>
14 #include <asm/types.h>
15 #include <asm/sigcontext.h>
16 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
18 #include <asm/system.h>
19 #include <linux/cache.h>
20 #include <linux/config.h>
21 #include <linux/threads.h>
22 #include <asm/percpu.h>
24 /* flag for disabling the tsc */
25 extern int tsc_disable;
31 #define desc_empty(desc) \
32 (!((desc)->a | (desc)->b))
34 #define desc_equal(desc1, desc2) \
35 (((desc1)->a == (desc2)->a) && ((desc1)->b == (desc2)->b))
37 * Default implementation of macro that returns current
38 * instruction pointer ("program counter").
40 #define current_text_addr() ({ void *pc; __asm__("movl $1f,%0\n1:":"=g" (pc)); pc; })
43 * CPU type and hardware bug flags. Kept separately for each CPU.
44 * Members of this structure are referenced in head.S, so think twice
45 * before touching them. [mj]
49 __u8 x86; /* CPU family */
50 __u8 x86_vendor; /* CPU vendor */
53 char wp_works_ok; /* It doesn't on 386's */
54 char hlt_works_ok; /* Problems on some 486Dx4's and old 386's */
57 int cpuid_level; /* Maximum supported CPUID level, -1=no CPUID */
58 unsigned long x86_capability[NCAPINTS];
59 char x86_vendor_id[16];
60 char x86_model_id[64];
61 int x86_cache_size; /* in KB - valid for CPUS which support this
63 int x86_cache_alignment; /* In bytes */
69 unsigned long loops_per_jiffy;
70 unsigned char x86_max_cores; /* cpuid returned max cores value */
71 unsigned char booted_cores; /* number of cores as seen by OS */
73 } __attribute__((__aligned__(SMP_CACHE_BYTES)));
75 #define X86_VENDOR_INTEL 0
76 #define X86_VENDOR_CYRIX 1
77 #define X86_VENDOR_AMD 2
78 #define X86_VENDOR_UMC 3
79 #define X86_VENDOR_NEXGEN 4
80 #define X86_VENDOR_CENTAUR 5
81 #define X86_VENDOR_RISE 6
82 #define X86_VENDOR_TRANSMETA 7
83 #define X86_VENDOR_NSC 8
84 #define X86_VENDOR_NUM 9
85 #define X86_VENDOR_UNKNOWN 0xff
88 * capabilities of CPUs
91 extern struct cpuinfo_x86 boot_cpu_data;
92 extern struct cpuinfo_x86 new_cpu_data;
93 extern struct tss_struct doublefault_tss;
94 DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct tss_struct, init_tss);
97 extern struct cpuinfo_x86 cpu_data[];
98 #define current_cpu_data cpu_data[smp_processor_id()]
100 #define cpu_data (&boot_cpu_data)
101 #define current_cpu_data boot_cpu_data
104 extern int phys_proc_id[NR_CPUS];
105 extern int cpu_core_id[NR_CPUS];
106 extern char ignore_fpu_irq;
108 extern void identify_cpu(struct cpuinfo_x86 *);
109 extern void print_cpu_info(struct cpuinfo_x86 *);
110 extern unsigned int init_intel_cacheinfo(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
113 extern void detect_ht(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
115 static inline void detect_ht(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c) {}
121 #define X86_EFLAGS_CF 0x00000001 /* Carry Flag */
122 #define X86_EFLAGS_PF 0x00000004 /* Parity Flag */
123 #define X86_EFLAGS_AF 0x00000010 /* Auxillary carry Flag */
124 #define X86_EFLAGS_ZF 0x00000040 /* Zero Flag */
125 #define X86_EFLAGS_SF 0x00000080 /* Sign Flag */
126 #define X86_EFLAGS_TF 0x00000100 /* Trap Flag */
127 #define X86_EFLAGS_IF 0x00000200 /* Interrupt Flag */
128 #define X86_EFLAGS_DF 0x00000400 /* Direction Flag */
129 #define X86_EFLAGS_OF 0x00000800 /* Overflow Flag */
130 #define X86_EFLAGS_IOPL 0x00003000 /* IOPL mask */
131 #define X86_EFLAGS_NT 0x00004000 /* Nested Task */
132 #define X86_EFLAGS_RF 0x00010000 /* Resume Flag */
133 #define X86_EFLAGS_VM 0x00020000 /* Virtual Mode */
134 #define X86_EFLAGS_AC 0x00040000 /* Alignment Check */
135 #define X86_EFLAGS_VIF 0x00080000 /* Virtual Interrupt Flag */
136 #define X86_EFLAGS_VIP 0x00100000 /* Virtual Interrupt Pending */
137 #define X86_EFLAGS_ID 0x00200000 /* CPUID detection flag */
140 * Generic CPUID function
141 * clear %ecx since some cpus (Cyrix MII) do not set or clear %ecx
142 * resulting in stale register contents being returned.
144 static inline void cpuid(unsigned int op, unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx, unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx)
154 /* Some CPUID calls want 'count' to be placed in ecx */
155 static inline void cpuid_count(int op, int count, int *eax, int *ebx, int *ecx,
163 : "0" (op), "c" (count));
167 * CPUID functions returning a single datum
169 static inline unsigned int cpuid_eax(unsigned int op)
179 static inline unsigned int cpuid_ebx(unsigned int op)
181 unsigned int eax, ebx;
184 : "=a" (eax), "=b" (ebx)
189 static inline unsigned int cpuid_ecx(unsigned int op)
191 unsigned int eax, ecx;
194 : "=a" (eax), "=c" (ecx)
199 static inline unsigned int cpuid_edx(unsigned int op)
201 unsigned int eax, edx;
204 : "=a" (eax), "=d" (edx)
210 #define load_cr3(pgdir) write_cr3(__pa(pgdir))
213 * Intel CPU features in CR4
215 #define X86_CR4_VME 0x0001 /* enable vm86 extensions */
216 #define X86_CR4_PVI 0x0002 /* virtual interrupts flag enable */
217 #define X86_CR4_TSD 0x0004 /* disable time stamp at ipl 3 */
218 #define X86_CR4_DE 0x0008 /* enable debugging extensions */
219 #define X86_CR4_PSE 0x0010 /* enable page size extensions */
220 #define X86_CR4_PAE 0x0020 /* enable physical address extensions */
221 #define X86_CR4_MCE 0x0040 /* Machine check enable */
222 #define X86_CR4_PGE 0x0080 /* enable global pages */
223 #define X86_CR4_PCE 0x0100 /* enable performance counters at ipl 3 */
224 #define X86_CR4_OSFXSR 0x0200 /* enable fast FPU save and restore */
225 #define X86_CR4_OSXMMEXCPT 0x0400 /* enable unmasked SSE exceptions */
228 * Save the cr4 feature set we're using (ie
229 * Pentium 4MB enable and PPro Global page
230 * enable), so that any CPU's that boot up
231 * after us can get the correct flags.
233 extern unsigned long mmu_cr4_features;
235 static inline void set_in_cr4 (unsigned long mask)
238 mmu_cr4_features |= mask;
244 static inline void clear_in_cr4 (unsigned long mask)
247 mmu_cr4_features &= ~mask;
254 * NSC/Cyrix CPU configuration register indexes
257 #define CX86_PCR0 0x20
258 #define CX86_GCR 0xb8
259 #define CX86_CCR0 0xc0
260 #define CX86_CCR1 0xc1
261 #define CX86_CCR2 0xc2
262 #define CX86_CCR3 0xc3
263 #define CX86_CCR4 0xe8
264 #define CX86_CCR5 0xe9
265 #define CX86_CCR6 0xea
266 #define CX86_CCR7 0xeb
267 #define CX86_PCR1 0xf0
268 #define CX86_DIR0 0xfe
269 #define CX86_DIR1 0xff
270 #define CX86_ARR_BASE 0xc4
271 #define CX86_RCR_BASE 0xdc
274 * NSC/Cyrix CPU indexed register access macros
277 #define getCx86(reg) ({ outb((reg), 0x22); inb(0x23); })
279 #define setCx86(reg, data) do { \
281 outb((data), 0x23); \
284 /* Stop speculative execution */
285 static inline void sync_core(void)
288 asm volatile("cpuid" : "=a" (tmp) : "0" (1) : "ebx","ecx","edx","memory");
291 static inline void __monitor(const void *eax, unsigned long ecx,
294 /* "monitor %eax,%ecx,%edx;" */
296 ".byte 0x0f,0x01,0xc8;"
297 : :"a" (eax), "c" (ecx), "d"(edx));
300 static inline void __mwait(unsigned long eax, unsigned long ecx)
302 /* "mwait %eax,%ecx;" */
304 ".byte 0x0f,0x01,0xc9;"
305 : :"a" (eax), "c" (ecx));
308 /* from system description table in BIOS. Mostly for MCA use, but
309 others may find it useful. */
310 extern unsigned int machine_id;
311 extern unsigned int machine_submodel_id;
312 extern unsigned int BIOS_revision;
313 extern unsigned int mca_pentium_flag;
315 /* Boot loader type from the setup header */
316 extern int bootloader_type;
319 * User space process size: 3GB (default).
321 #define TASK_SIZE (PAGE_OFFSET)
323 /* This decides where the kernel will search for a free chunk of vm
324 * space during mmap's.
326 #define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE (PAGE_ALIGN(TASK_SIZE / 3))
328 #define HAVE_ARCH_PICK_MMAP_LAYOUT
333 #define IO_BITMAP_BITS 65536
334 #define IO_BITMAP_BYTES (IO_BITMAP_BITS/8)
335 #define IO_BITMAP_LONGS (IO_BITMAP_BYTES/sizeof(long))
336 #define IO_BITMAP_OFFSET offsetof(struct tss_struct,io_bitmap)
337 #define INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET 0x8000
338 #define INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET_LAZY 0x9000
340 struct i387_fsave_struct {
348 long st_space[20]; /* 8*10 bytes for each FP-reg = 80 bytes */
349 long status; /* software status information */
352 struct i387_fxsave_struct {
363 long st_space[32]; /* 8*16 bytes for each FP-reg = 128 bytes */
364 long xmm_space[32]; /* 8*16 bytes for each XMM-reg = 128 bytes */
366 } __attribute__ ((aligned (16)));
368 struct i387_soft_struct {
376 long st_space[20]; /* 8*10 bytes for each FP-reg = 80 bytes */
377 unsigned char ftop, changed, lookahead, no_update, rm, alimit;
379 unsigned long entry_eip;
383 struct i387_fsave_struct fsave;
384 struct i387_fxsave_struct fxsave;
385 struct i387_soft_struct soft;
392 struct thread_struct;
395 unsigned short back_link,__blh;
397 unsigned short ss0,__ss0h;
399 unsigned short ss1,__ss1h; /* ss1 is used to cache MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS */
401 unsigned short ss2,__ss2h;
404 unsigned long eflags;
405 unsigned long eax,ecx,edx,ebx;
410 unsigned short es, __esh;
411 unsigned short cs, __csh;
412 unsigned short ss, __ssh;
413 unsigned short ds, __dsh;
414 unsigned short fs, __fsh;
415 unsigned short gs, __gsh;
416 unsigned short ldt, __ldth;
417 unsigned short trace, io_bitmap_base;
419 * The extra 1 is there because the CPU will access an
420 * additional byte beyond the end of the IO permission
421 * bitmap. The extra byte must be all 1 bits, and must
422 * be within the limit.
424 unsigned long io_bitmap[IO_BITMAP_LONGS + 1];
426 * Cache the current maximum and the last task that used the bitmap:
428 unsigned long io_bitmap_max;
429 struct thread_struct *io_bitmap_owner;
431 * pads the TSS to be cacheline-aligned (size is 0x100)
433 unsigned long __cacheline_filler[35];
435 * .. and then another 0x100 bytes for emergency kernel stack
437 unsigned long stack[64];
438 } __attribute__((packed));
440 #define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN 16
442 struct thread_struct {
443 /* cached TLS descriptors. */
444 struct desc_struct tls_array[GDT_ENTRY_TLS_ENTRIES];
446 unsigned long sysenter_cs;
451 /* Hardware debugging registers */
452 unsigned long debugreg[8]; /* %%db0-7 debug registers */
454 unsigned long cr2, trap_no, error_code;
455 /* floating point info */
456 union i387_union i387;
457 /* virtual 86 mode info */
458 struct vm86_struct __user * vm86_info;
459 unsigned long screen_bitmap;
460 unsigned long v86flags, v86mask, saved_esp0;
461 unsigned int saved_fs, saved_gs;
463 unsigned long *io_bitmap_ptr;
465 /* max allowed port in the bitmap, in bytes: */
466 unsigned long io_bitmap_max;
469 #define INIT_THREAD { \
471 .sysenter_cs = __KERNEL_CS, \
472 .io_bitmap_ptr = NULL, \
476 * Note that the .io_bitmap member must be extra-big. This is because
477 * the CPU will access an additional byte beyond the end of the IO
478 * permission bitmap. The extra byte must be all 1 bits, and must
479 * be within the limit.
482 .esp0 = sizeof(init_stack) + (long)&init_stack, \
483 .ss0 = __KERNEL_DS, \
484 .ss1 = __KERNEL_CS, \
485 .io_bitmap_base = INVALID_IO_BITMAP_OFFSET, \
486 .io_bitmap = { [ 0 ... IO_BITMAP_LONGS] = ~0 }, \
489 static inline void load_esp0(struct tss_struct *tss, struct thread_struct *thread)
491 tss->esp0 = thread->esp0;
492 /* This can only happen when SEP is enabled, no need to test "SEP"arately */
493 if (unlikely(tss->ss1 != thread->sysenter_cs)) {
494 tss->ss1 = thread->sysenter_cs;
495 wrmsr(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS, thread->sysenter_cs, 0);
499 #define start_thread(regs, new_eip, new_esp) do { \
500 __asm__("movl %0,%%fs ; movl %0,%%gs": :"r" (0)); \
502 regs->xds = __USER_DS; \
503 regs->xes = __USER_DS; \
504 regs->xss = __USER_DS; \
505 regs->xcs = __USER_CS; \
506 regs->eip = new_eip; \
507 regs->esp = new_esp; \
511 * These special macros can be used to get or set a debugging register
513 #define get_debugreg(var, register) \
514 __asm__("movl %%db" #register ", %0" \
516 #define set_debugreg(value, register) \
517 __asm__("movl %0,%%db" #register \
522 * Set IOPL bits in EFLAGS from given mask
524 static inline void set_iopl_mask(unsigned mask)
527 __asm__ __volatile__ ("pushfl;"
534 : "i" (~X86_EFLAGS_IOPL), "r" (mask));
537 /* Forward declaration, a strange C thing */
541 /* Free all resources held by a thread. */
542 extern void release_thread(struct task_struct *);
544 /* Prepare to copy thread state - unlazy all lazy status */
545 extern void prepare_to_copy(struct task_struct *tsk);
548 * create a kernel thread without removing it from tasklists
550 extern int kernel_thread(int (*fn)(void *), void * arg, unsigned long flags);
552 extern unsigned long thread_saved_pc(struct task_struct *tsk);
553 void show_trace(struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *stack);
555 unsigned long get_wchan(struct task_struct *p);
557 #define THREAD_SIZE_LONGS (THREAD_SIZE/sizeof(unsigned long))
558 #define KSTK_TOP(info) \
560 unsigned long *__ptr = (unsigned long *)(info); \
561 (unsigned long)(&__ptr[THREAD_SIZE_LONGS]); \
565 * The below -8 is to reserve 8 bytes on top of the ring0 stack.
566 * This is necessary to guarantee that the entire "struct pt_regs"
567 * is accessable even if the CPU haven't stored the SS/ESP registers
568 * on the stack (interrupt gate does not save these registers
569 * when switching to the same priv ring).
570 * Therefore beware: accessing the xss/esp fields of the
571 * "struct pt_regs" is possible, but they may contain the
572 * completely wrong values.
574 #define task_pt_regs(task) \
576 struct pt_regs *__regs__; \
577 __regs__ = (struct pt_regs *)(KSTK_TOP(task_stack_page(task))-8); \
581 #define KSTK_EIP(task) (task_pt_regs(task)->eip)
582 #define KSTK_ESP(task) (task_pt_regs(task)->esp)
585 struct microcode_header {
593 unsigned int datasize;
594 unsigned int totalsize;
595 unsigned int reserved[3];
599 struct microcode_header hdr;
600 unsigned int bits[0];
603 typedef struct microcode microcode_t;
604 typedef struct microcode_header microcode_header_t;
606 /* microcode format is extended from prescott processors */
607 struct extended_signature {
613 struct extended_sigtable {
616 unsigned int reserved[3];
617 struct extended_signature sigs[0];
619 /* '6' because it used to be for P6 only (but now covers Pentium 4 as well) */
620 #define MICROCODE_IOCFREE _IO('6',0)
622 /* REP NOP (PAUSE) is a good thing to insert into busy-wait loops. */
623 static inline void rep_nop(void)
625 __asm__ __volatile__("rep;nop": : :"memory");
628 #define cpu_relax() rep_nop()
630 /* generic versions from gas */
631 #define GENERIC_NOP1 ".byte 0x90\n"
632 #define GENERIC_NOP2 ".byte 0x89,0xf6\n"
633 #define GENERIC_NOP3 ".byte 0x8d,0x76,0x00\n"
634 #define GENERIC_NOP4 ".byte 0x8d,0x74,0x26,0x00\n"
635 #define GENERIC_NOP5 GENERIC_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP4
636 #define GENERIC_NOP6 ".byte 0x8d,0xb6,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00\n"
637 #define GENERIC_NOP7 ".byte 0x8d,0xb4,0x26,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00\n"
638 #define GENERIC_NOP8 GENERIC_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP7
641 #define K8_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP1
642 #define K8_NOP2 ".byte 0x66,0x90\n"
643 #define K8_NOP3 ".byte 0x66,0x66,0x90\n"
644 #define K8_NOP4 ".byte 0x66,0x66,0x66,0x90\n"
645 #define K8_NOP5 K8_NOP3 K8_NOP2
646 #define K8_NOP6 K8_NOP3 K8_NOP3
647 #define K8_NOP7 K8_NOP4 K8_NOP3
648 #define K8_NOP8 K8_NOP4 K8_NOP4
651 /* uses eax dependencies (arbitary choice) */
652 #define K7_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP1
653 #define K7_NOP2 ".byte 0x8b,0xc0\n"
654 #define K7_NOP3 ".byte 0x8d,0x04,0x20\n"
655 #define K7_NOP4 ".byte 0x8d,0x44,0x20,0x00\n"
656 #define K7_NOP5 K7_NOP4 ASM_NOP1
657 #define K7_NOP6 ".byte 0x8d,0x80,0,0,0,0\n"
658 #define K7_NOP7 ".byte 0x8D,0x04,0x05,0,0,0,0\n"
659 #define K7_NOP8 K7_NOP7 ASM_NOP1
662 #define ASM_NOP1 K8_NOP1
663 #define ASM_NOP2 K8_NOP2
664 #define ASM_NOP3 K8_NOP3
665 #define ASM_NOP4 K8_NOP4
666 #define ASM_NOP5 K8_NOP5
667 #define ASM_NOP6 K8_NOP6
668 #define ASM_NOP7 K8_NOP7
669 #define ASM_NOP8 K8_NOP8
670 #elif defined(CONFIG_MK7)
671 #define ASM_NOP1 K7_NOP1
672 #define ASM_NOP2 K7_NOP2
673 #define ASM_NOP3 K7_NOP3
674 #define ASM_NOP4 K7_NOP4
675 #define ASM_NOP5 K7_NOP5
676 #define ASM_NOP6 K7_NOP6
677 #define ASM_NOP7 K7_NOP7
678 #define ASM_NOP8 K7_NOP8
680 #define ASM_NOP1 GENERIC_NOP1
681 #define ASM_NOP2 GENERIC_NOP2
682 #define ASM_NOP3 GENERIC_NOP3
683 #define ASM_NOP4 GENERIC_NOP4
684 #define ASM_NOP5 GENERIC_NOP5
685 #define ASM_NOP6 GENERIC_NOP6
686 #define ASM_NOP7 GENERIC_NOP7
687 #define ASM_NOP8 GENERIC_NOP8
690 #define ASM_NOP_MAX 8
692 /* Prefetch instructions for Pentium III and AMD Athlon */
693 /* It's not worth to care about 3dnow! prefetches for the K6
694 because they are microcoded there and very slow.
695 However we don't do prefetches for pre XP Athlons currently
696 That should be fixed. */
697 #define ARCH_HAS_PREFETCH
698 static inline void prefetch(const void *x)
700 alternative_input(ASM_NOP4,
706 #define ARCH_HAS_PREFETCH
707 #define ARCH_HAS_PREFETCHW
708 #define ARCH_HAS_SPINLOCK_PREFETCH
710 /* 3dnow! prefetch to get an exclusive cache line. Useful for
711 spinlocks to avoid one state transition in the cache coherency protocol. */
712 static inline void prefetchw(const void *x)
714 alternative_input(ASM_NOP4,
719 #define spin_lock_prefetch(x) prefetchw(x)
721 extern void select_idle_routine(const struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
723 #define cache_line_size() (boot_cpu_data.x86_cache_alignment)
725 extern unsigned long boot_option_idle_override;
726 extern void enable_sep_cpu(void);
727 extern int sysenter_setup(void);
730 extern void mtrr_ap_init(void);
731 extern void mtrr_bp_init(void);
733 #define mtrr_ap_init() do {} while (0)
734 #define mtrr_bp_init() do {} while (0)
737 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_MCE
738 extern void mcheck_init(struct cpuinfo_x86 *c);
740 #define mcheck_init(c) do {} while(0)
743 #endif /* __ASM_I386_PROCESSOR_H */