1 /* rwsem.h: R/W semaphores implemented using XADD/CMPXCHG for i486+
3 * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com).
5 * Derived from asm-x86/semaphore.h
8 * The MSW of the count is the negated number of active writers and waiting
9 * lockers, and the LSW is the total number of active locks
11 * The lock count is initialized to 0 (no active and no waiting lockers).
13 * When a writer subtracts WRITE_BIAS, it'll get 0xffff0001 for the case of an
14 * uncontended lock. This can be determined because XADD returns the old value.
15 * Readers increment by 1 and see a positive value when uncontended, negative
16 * if there are writers (and maybe) readers waiting (in which case it goes to
19 * The value of WAITING_BIAS supports up to 32766 waiting processes. This can
20 * be extended to 65534 by manually checking the whole MSW rather than relying
23 * The value of ACTIVE_BIAS supports up to 65535 active processes.
25 * This should be totally fair - if anything is waiting, a process that wants a
26 * lock will go to the back of the queue. When the currently active lock is
27 * released, if there's a writer at the front of the queue, then that and only
28 * that will be woken up; if there's a bunch of consequtive readers at the
29 * front, then they'll all be woken up, but no other readers will be.
35 #ifndef _LINUX_RWSEM_H
36 #error "please don't include asm/rwsem.h directly, use linux/rwsem.h instead"
41 #include <linux/list.h>
42 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
43 #include <linux/lockdep.h>
47 extern asmregparm struct rw_semaphore *
48 rwsem_down_read_failed(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
49 extern asmregparm struct rw_semaphore *
50 rwsem_down_write_failed(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
51 extern asmregparm struct rw_semaphore *
52 rwsem_wake(struct rw_semaphore *);
53 extern asmregparm struct rw_semaphore *
54 rwsem_downgrade_wake(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
57 * the semaphore definition
61 #define RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE 0x00000000
62 #define RWSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS 0x00000001
63 #define RWSEM_ACTIVE_MASK 0x0000ffff
64 #define RWSEM_WAITING_BIAS (-0x00010000)
65 #define RWSEM_ACTIVE_READ_BIAS RWSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS
66 #define RWSEM_ACTIVE_WRITE_BIAS (RWSEM_WAITING_BIAS + RWSEM_ACTIVE_BIAS)
68 struct list_head wait_list;
69 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
70 struct lockdep_map dep_map;
74 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
75 # define __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(lockname) , .dep_map = { .name = #lockname }
77 # define __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(lockname)
81 #define __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(name) \
82 { RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE, __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED((name).wait_lock), \
83 LIST_HEAD_INIT((name).wait_list) __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(name) }
85 #define DECLARE_RWSEM(name) \
86 struct rw_semaphore name = __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(name)
88 extern void __init_rwsem(struct rw_semaphore *sem, const char *name,
89 struct lock_class_key *key);
91 #define init_rwsem(sem) \
93 static struct lock_class_key __key; \
95 __init_rwsem((sem), #sem, &__key); \
101 static inline void __down_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
103 __asm__ __volatile__(
104 "# beginning down_read\n\t"
105 LOCK_PREFIX " incl (%%eax)\n\t" /* adds 0x00000001, returns the old value */
107 " call call_rwsem_down_read_failed\n"
109 "# ending down_read\n\t"
116 * trylock for reading -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
118 static inline int __down_read_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
121 __asm__ __volatile__(
122 "# beginning __down_read_trylock\n\t"
128 LOCK_PREFIX " cmpxchgl %2,%0\n\t"
131 "# ending __down_read_trylock\n\t"
132 : "+m" (sem->count), "=&a" (result), "=&r" (tmp)
133 : "i" (RWSEM_ACTIVE_READ_BIAS)
135 return result>=0 ? 1 : 0;
141 static inline void __down_write_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass)
145 tmp = RWSEM_ACTIVE_WRITE_BIAS;
146 __asm__ __volatile__(
147 "# beginning down_write\n\t"
148 LOCK_PREFIX " xadd %%edx,(%%eax)\n\t" /* subtract 0x0000ffff, returns the old value */
149 " testl %%edx,%%edx\n\t" /* was the count 0 before? */
151 " call call_rwsem_down_write_failed\n"
153 "# ending down_write"
154 : "+m" (sem->count), "=d" (tmp)
155 : "a" (sem), "1" (tmp)
159 static inline void __down_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
161 __down_write_nested(sem, 0);
165 * trylock for writing -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
167 static inline int __down_write_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
169 signed long ret = cmpxchg(&sem->count,
170 RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE,
171 RWSEM_ACTIVE_WRITE_BIAS);
172 if (ret == RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE)
178 * unlock after reading
180 static inline void __up_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
182 __s32 tmp = -RWSEM_ACTIVE_READ_BIAS;
183 __asm__ __volatile__(
184 "# beginning __up_read\n\t"
185 LOCK_PREFIX " xadd %%edx,(%%eax)\n\t" /* subtracts 1, returns the old value */
187 " call call_rwsem_wake\n"
189 "# ending __up_read\n"
190 : "+m" (sem->count), "=d" (tmp)
191 : "a" (sem), "1" (tmp)
196 * unlock after writing
198 static inline void __up_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
200 __asm__ __volatile__(
201 "# beginning __up_write\n\t"
203 LOCK_PREFIX " xaddl %%edx,(%%eax)\n\t" /* tries to transition 0xffff0001 -> 0x00000000 */
205 " call call_rwsem_wake\n"
207 "# ending __up_write\n"
209 : "a" (sem), "i" (-RWSEM_ACTIVE_WRITE_BIAS)
210 : "memory", "cc", "edx");
214 * downgrade write lock to read lock
216 static inline void __downgrade_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
218 __asm__ __volatile__(
219 "# beginning __downgrade_write\n\t"
220 LOCK_PREFIX " addl %2,(%%eax)\n\t" /* transitions 0xZZZZ0001 -> 0xYYYY0001 */
222 " call call_rwsem_downgrade_wake\n"
224 "# ending __downgrade_write\n"
226 : "a" (sem), "i" (-RWSEM_WAITING_BIAS)
231 * implement atomic add functionality
233 static inline void rwsem_atomic_add(int delta, struct rw_semaphore *sem)
235 __asm__ __volatile__(
236 LOCK_PREFIX "addl %1,%0"
242 * implement exchange and add functionality
244 static inline int rwsem_atomic_update(int delta, struct rw_semaphore *sem)
248 __asm__ __volatile__(
249 LOCK_PREFIX "xadd %0,%1"
250 : "+r" (tmp), "+m" (sem->count)
256 static inline int rwsem_is_locked(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
258 return (sem->count != 0);
261 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
262 #endif /* _I386_RWSEM_H */